否决
发表于 2025-3-26 23:38:39
Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology and Exfoliative Cytologyrded as important tools for diagnosing a myriad of lesions because of their simplicity, safety, and cost-effectiveness. This chapter is devoted to general principles, indication, contraindications, methods of obtaining material for cytology, and the staining of smears.
antidote
发表于 2025-3-27 03:47:02
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听觉
发表于 2025-3-27 08:28:32
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observatory
发表于 2025-3-27 13:09:51
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitisr clinical examination, and management depends on the clinical presentation and symptoms. This chapter describes the most encountered variations of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, with specific guidelines for diagnosis and management of the affected patients.
grieve
发表于 2025-3-27 15:43:39
Desquamative Gingivitison can be the clinical symptom of some dermatitis and mucocutaneous diseases, and the underlying primary cause should be established. This chapter reviews the clinical characteristics of desquamative gingivitis, highlighting differential diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
高调
发表于 2025-3-27 18:33:22
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d-limonene
发表于 2025-3-28 00:08:38
Oral Candidiasisiciency to multiply and spread beyond normal levels. In this chapter, we provide a practical approach to assessing, diagnosing, and managing patients with oral candidiasis based on the literature and our clinical experience over the years.
和平主义者
发表于 2025-3-28 02:30:14
Oral Herpesease in prevalence with age. Oral herpes can be difficult to diagnose and may create significant psychosocial stress in affected patients. This chapter explores the clinical presentation and therapeutic protocols of oral herpes.
钱财
发表于 2025-3-28 07:51:43
Xerostomia (Dry Mouth)nility and systemic conditions, including autoimmune disorders (such as Sjögren’s syndrome). The patients commonly present mild oral discomfort, but a significant burden of oral diseases impacting patient’s quality of life may be observed. This chapter reviews the clinical presentation and management of dry mouth.
minimal
发表于 2025-3-28 14:27:31
Mucus Extravasation and Retention Phenomenaof saliva from salivary glands. A history of trauma at the site has been reported in approximately 72% of cases, as well as parafunctional habits. In this chapter, we discuss the etiology and clinical presentation of these diseases. Diagnostic and treatment guidelines are also provided.