洞穴
发表于 2025-3-25 06:05:48
In the Imperial Mannerrolled and spontaneous movements of population, the search for adventure and wealth, the longing for effective protection against incursions by unruly neighbors, the historical memory of past political and spiritual unity, the expectation of a great political and economic international role, the des
Dealing
发表于 2025-3-25 07:41:41
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GROSS
发表于 2025-3-25 15:38:53
Church Affairscern for the people—and this also relates to questions of .—is a characteristic trait of Catherine’s reign. This does not yet mean, however, that Catherine achieved her goal everywhere and in everything. Nonetheless, it was the enlightened rationalism to which Catherine paid homage, and nothing else
spondylosis
发表于 2025-3-25 19:49:32
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grounded
发表于 2025-3-25 22:42:00
Portrait of an Enlightened Autocrat techniques of the administrative apparatus and also made some changes in the social organization of the estates. However, neither his administrative nor his social reform altered the basic principles upon which the Russian political order of that time rested. Though Russia had been provided with Sw
Adulate
发表于 2025-3-26 02:31:29
The Intellectual Formation of Catherine II posterity. Peter the Great was often cursed during his life, and some condemn him even today; Catherine II ascended the throne to the triumphal cries of all Russia, was acclaimed throughout her entire thirty-five-year reign, and is praised to our day; she continues to stimulate the historian’s symp
FACET
发表于 2025-3-26 06:02:08
The Empress and the Philosophences of Diderot’s acquaintance with Catherine, his trip to St. Petersburg and stay there, and, generally, his relationship with the Russian Empress—a relationship between a philosopher and an empress who liked to talk philosophy. The scholar has at his disposal Diderot’s own letters from St. Petersb
Diaphragm
发表于 2025-3-26 10:40:02
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concubine
发表于 2025-3-26 16:32:34
Educational Reformsy changing the very mission of the public school. The school up to then had only taught; the new school had to .. To use Betsky’s. words, Catherine’s “main intention” at that time “leaned toward not so much having sciences and the arts spread among the people as implanting gentle manners in their he
NICHE
发表于 2025-3-26 17:35:26
Voices of the Land and the Autocrats also realized that the era of Catherine was not only a . of Peter’s but also constituted a sharp . with it at the same time. They even thought up a vivid metaphor for the contrast, and it became common currency among writers of Catherine’s age: “Peter created Russia’s body, but Catherine endowed i