爱花花儿愤怒 发表于 2025-3-23 12:55:49
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Bacteriorhodopsin,on, and during this photocycle a proton is translocated from the inside of the cell to the outside. It has been shown that the generated electrochemical potential difference of protons is used by the cell to synthesize ATP.十字架 发表于 2025-3-24 00:23:16
Structure, function and regulation of the H+-ATPases from chloroplasts,ical systems use as direct energy source adenosinetriphosphate, ATP, i.e. they use the free enthalpy change (“Gibbs free energy change”) connected with the hydrolysis of the β-γ-phosphate bond of ATP for driving biochemical reactions. The structure of ATP is shown in Fig. 1.单纯 发表于 2025-3-24 05:25:05
Prüfungstraining für Bankkaufleuteife has to be supported by a regular input of energy in form of nutrients or light, which is converted into other forms of energy needed by the system in order to keep the processes going. An input of energy in form of nutrients, however, is only possible if the system is open in the thermodynamic s雀斑 发表于 2025-3-24 09:34:53
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Kontoführung und Zahlungsverkehr proper thermodynamic state function suitable for evaluating the bioenergetic events in a cellular system is, therefore, the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) (or free enthalpy). Any metabolic reaction taking place within a homogeneous phase, i.e. inside an intracellular compartment surrounded, but not subdivideactivate 发表于 2025-3-24 17:59:21
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Prüfungstraining für Bankkaufleute on which our present-day form of the life depends. By the use of solar radiation as energy source, water is cleaved into oxygen and chemically bound hydrogen which is subsequently used to reduce carbon dioxide.Highbrow 发表于 2025-3-25 00:04:15
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