行为
发表于 2025-3-30 10:30:36
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高兴一回
发表于 2025-3-30 13:50:12
,Mehr Demokratieförderung wagen,t includes a comprehensive annotated bibliography of articles giving data on this subject. In this chapter we focus on three aspects of a continuing worldwide effort to better understand electron-ion excitation processes for application to astrophysical and laboratory plasma research. The first part
myriad
发表于 2025-3-30 17:23:20
Matthias Finger,Silvia Bürgin,Ueli Haldimannwith the incident electron, or indirectly, via an intermediate autoionizing state of the target system. The most important indirect ionization process is excitation-autoionization (EA), in which the incident electron excites the target ion usually, but not always, from an inner shell into a short-li
BRIEF
发表于 2025-3-30 21:36:49
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吹气
发表于 2025-3-31 03:23:59
Matthias Finger,Silvia Bürgin,Ueli Haldimannitial, final, and intermediate states can be enormous. This leads to great difficulties for the theoretician who tries to model these processes and for the experimentalist who tries to conduct a well-defined measurement of them. For this reason, electron-molecular ion collisions are more poorly unde
somnambulism
发表于 2025-3-31 07:39:20
Matthias Finger,Silvia Bürgin,Ueli Haldimann matter. In order to follow the history of the ejected electrons and understand the subsequent events and products, not only the total ionization cross sections but often the cross sections differential in ejected electron energies and angles are also needed.
sulcus
发表于 2025-3-31 11:41:49
Matthias Finger,Silvia Bürgin,Ueli Haldimannsections for excitation, ionization, charge transfer, and recombination have been sought for many years. Great progress has been made along these lines, but the type of reactions and the collision energy range investigated have been dictated primarily by the need to understand the physics of the cen
fetter
发表于 2025-3-31 14:52:10
Matthias Finger,Silvia Bürgin,Ueli HaldimannHe, H., He., H.., He., and H.. He. is not taken into account as it is short-lived and unlikely, under thermonuclear plasma density conditions, to undergo a collision before decaying. For the same reason, we consider only collisions in which the partners are in their ground state or in a metastable s
慎重
发表于 2025-3-31 17:30:42
Ziele und Methodik der empirischen Studie,egion. While excitation and ionization of the main plasma edge neutrals, H, H., and He, by slow plasma impurity ions are subject to adiabatic evolution constraints, electron capture can proceed via localized nonadiabatic couplings. For ions in higher charge states, the number of nonadiabatic couplin
Obituary
发表于 2025-4-1 01:11:53
Ziele und Methodik der empirischen Studie,verall plasma performance and may even have a decisive influence on the central plasma parameters. These observations have stimulated increased interest in understanding the physics of the edge plasma in a more fundamental way..