nascent 发表于 2025-3-27 00:58:35
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Increasing Returns and Economic Progress,hermal properties of molecules (thermochemistry) and the rate of reactions (kinetics) can also be calculated using this energy. From the quantum mechanical calculations, one can also obtain spectroscopic properties of molecules (UV, IR Raman, NMR, NQR, Mössbauer, etc.).Lacerate 发表于 2025-3-27 05:47:34
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Science: Molecular Simulations and Mesoscale Methods, because molecular simulation provides a set of tools for predicting entirely computationally many useful functional properties of systems of interest to these industries. These properties include thermodynamic properties (such as equations of state, phase equilibria, and critical constants), mechanGenistein 发表于 2025-3-28 09:48:37
Science: Information Technologies, have had equal or often greater impact in industrial applications. Unlike the above two methods, which evaluate energy and then use this to describe the thermodynamics of processes, these non-energy-based methods are generally much more qualitative in nature.Terminal 发表于 2025-3-28 12:50:21
Applications: The Chemical Industry,led over $68 billion, larger than either agriculture or aircraft/aerospace, making it the largest exporting sector. More than 10% of all U.S. exports are chemicals and related products. Taking into account imports of nearly $55 billion, this resulted in a 1998 trade surplus of over $13 billion. The