去是公开 发表于 2025-3-21 19:15:59

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instulate 发表于 2025-3-21 20:53:42

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战胜 发表于 2025-3-22 00:57:57

0172-5939and with the differential and integral calculus on smooth manifolds...Liviu Nicolaescu is Associate Professor of Mathematics at University of Notre Dame..978-0-387-49510-1Series ISSN 0172-5939 Series E-ISSN 2191-6675

使尴尬 发表于 2025-3-22 05:38:04

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极大的痛苦 发表于 2025-3-22 09:07:12

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Ebct207 发表于 2025-3-22 14:09:52

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Hirsutism 发表于 2025-3-22 18:38:56

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indemnify 发表于 2025-3-23 00:30:15

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Ablation 发表于 2025-3-23 03:39:00

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-04207-1parameter . varies in an interval containing only regular values of a smooth function .: . → ℝ, then the topology of the sublevel set . ≤ . is independent of .. We can turn this on its head and state that a change in the topology of . ≤ . is an indicator of the presence of a critical point.

Exclude 发表于 2025-3-23 08:43:57

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查看完整版本: Titlebook: An Invitation to Morse Theory; Liviu Nicolaescu Textbook 20071st edition Springer-Verlag New York 2007 Algebraic topology.Topology.algebra