PLE 发表于 2025-3-26 22:19:02
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https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230372429alcohol; crime; criminal career; delinquency; drugs; policeCountermand 发表于 2025-3-27 14:46:50
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The Justice System,specific events that support one view or another of the effectiveness of quick, stern, harsh, or whatever justice. Persons more recently aware of the issues have been informed, or more likely misinformed, about the merits of this or that policy at various stages of the justice process (Shannon, 1961).喃喃而言 发表于 2025-3-27 22:19:23
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Summary and Conclusions,gs and their meaning. Differences in offense rates, police contact rates, arrest rates, and incarceration rates from state to state are so large that the underlying causes of delinquency and crime are best understood within a sociological, social and structural framework.2否定 发表于 2025-3-28 13:57:03
Book 1998n police contacts and their dispositions were obtained from the police department and other agencies and other data were obtained by interviewing samples of the 1942 and 1949 cohorts. The 1955 Cohort data were brought up to 1989, recoded, and reanalyzed to determine the importance of alcohol and drug involvement in criminal career continuity.