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Ana Fred,Joaquim Filipe,Hugo Gamboag standardized as well as their having been integrated with both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles, which allows clinically relevant breakpoints and optimal dosing. The main disadvantage of phenotypic methods is the length of time that these require. Genotypic molecular methods thus hav江湖骗子 发表于 2025-3-29 20:33:16
Maik Hadorn,Peter Eggenberger Hotzen tests have long been used to detect infectious agents and are particularly useful for those agents that are difficult, slow, or hazardous to culture. While antigen tests are being superseded in many cases by simple and rapid molecular amplification methods, the combination of speed, economy, simp委托 发表于 2025-3-30 02:16:22
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18472-7aboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases with improved sensitivity and specificity. In general, antibody detection methods have been utilized for detection and immune response of slow-growing, difficult-to-culture, uncultivatable, or emerging infectious agents, specifically certain viruses. Emergi调情 发表于 2025-3-30 06:23:31
Elisabetta De Maria,Cinzia Di Giusto, mortality, and financial burden. Pathogens and their antigens stimulate pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and immune markers that constitute the host defence and orchestrate leukocyte recruitment to the site of acute infection. Multiple immune and host-response markers have been studied in rela