多山 发表于 2025-3-25 06:46:41
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25341-7mote whilst sound stump healing and excellent prostheses are anticipated. As is evident, variations in stump flaps and bone section levels or joint disarticulation are numerous and have spawned a bewildering range of techniques, especially for the lower limb. An attempt has been made to condense these developments in historical sequence.鄙视 发表于 2025-3-25 11:14:12
http://reply.papertrans.cn/15/1412/141163/141163_22.pngBlasphemy 发表于 2025-3-25 15:04:06
https://doi.org/10.1007/b137849 This chapter reviews selected written sources reflecting historical perspectives, recognising this is incomplete.Attention is drawn to numerous alternative procedures introduced since the end of the 18th century to avert amputation and to certain societies who oppose amputation for religious reasons.繁殖 发表于 2025-3-25 19:24:54
http://reply.papertrans.cn/15/1412/141163/141163_24.png举止粗野的人 发表于 2025-3-25 21:36:53
https://doi.org/10.1007/b137849d flesh to save life and provide a healed stump. In parallel, methods of haemorrhage and infection control were addressed although not resolved before the 19th century. Doubts about boiling oil are expressed, and battlefield logistical problems are noted.隐藏 发表于 2025-3-26 01:02:30
http://reply.papertrans.cn/15/1412/141163/141163_26.png比赛用背带 发表于 2025-3-26 08:17:52
http://reply.papertrans.cn/15/1412/141163/141163_27.pngRENAL 发表于 2025-3-26 09:45:24
http://reply.papertrans.cn/15/1412/141163/141163_28.pngCANON 发表于 2025-3-26 15:18:54
http://reply.papertrans.cn/15/1412/141163/141163_29.pngType-1-Diabetes 发表于 2025-3-26 19:24:51
https://doi.org/10.1007/b137849and other toxins, wound infections, diabetes mellitus, dietary deficiencies and tumours. Most of these causes persist today, although reconstructive measures often avoid amputation. It is postulated that societies’ acceptance of naturally caused amputees was necessary before elective surgical amputa